Chapter 1
Facts About Bed Bugs
Bed bugs can be a nightmare! Find out everything you need about bed bugs, including why heat treatment is the ideal solution to eradicate the issue permanently.
- Around one in five Americans have dealt with bed bugs or know someone who has
- The bed bug is a prevalent breeder, laying as many as five eggs in a single day when busy
- If you worry about bed bugs, you are not alone; 4 in 5 Americans have concerns about them!
- Bed bugs are also potent survivalists; they can last as long as three months without food
- Pest control experts regularly deal with bed bugs, with most saying infestations are increasing
- It only takes a bed bug around five minutes to pierce the skin, draw blood, and retreat away
- Bed bugs can be found all across the USA; they are most prominent in the Midwest and South
- A bed bug can drink a lot of blood – around seven times its body weight in blood alone!
- Bed bugs are most commonly found in family homes but are also regularly found in hotels
- Conventional treatments such as sprays and pesticides are no longer as effective as previously
- They are also regularly found in nursing homes, offices, hospitals, and even public transport
- While once effective, today’s spray treatments can only temporarily disperse the problem
- Bed bugs are most commonly found in bedding but can thrive in just about any indoor location
- Today, heat treatments are the most effective way to eradicate a pest infestation permanently
- People are more aware of bed bugs today, with 1 in 4 Americans inspecting clothing after trips
As you can see, many intriguing factors come into mind when evaluating bed bug infestations. These creatures can survive in tough circumstances, tend to complete their bloodsucking job in silence – you might not even feel the bite until the bed bug has retreated – and are very durable. They are also great at building fast infestations, meaning that what was once a small bed bug problem can quickly become a literal infestation.
So, let’s take a closer look at what bed bugs are. This will give you an idea of what you are up against – and why ignoring the problem is not the way forward!
What Are Bed Bugs?
Bed bugs are tiny parasites known as Cimex lectularius and are known to exist by living on the blood of other creatures. Yes, including humans. Most forms of bed bugs that we will discover in the USA come from the above group; other forms of bed bugs, though, do exist. Most other relatives of the bed bug, though, are not found in the USA, and they tend to feed on the blood of mammals and avians as opposed to humans.
Generally, the bed bug is an invasive species that will work its way into your home through various means. They are usually brought into homes via our clothing and upholstery; from there, they can spread like wildfire.
As micro predators, according to the CDC, the bed bug is known to be a creature that feeds on blood during the evening. After all, it is easiest to get to our bodies and blood when sleeping. If you were awake, you would feel the bed bug biting you!

Are Bed Bugs Common?
Yes, bed bugs are extremely common in the USA, in particular. For example, figures from PestWorld suggest that bed bugs are one of the most commonly treated pests by pest control professionals. It was estimated that around 97% of US pest control professionals must deal with bed bugs at one point in the year.
Bed bugs are believed to infest as many as 1 in 5 US homes. They are commonly found everywhere that you can imagine: homes, hotels, workplaces, hospitals, schools, offices, dormitories, and even on public transport. So, if you worry that you might be infested through bad luck, fear not. Bed bugs are a pest and a problem to be dealt with, but they are not rare.
It is often assumed that, like lice, having bed bugs means you are unclean. If only that were the case – even the most thorough cleaning and preparation can not be enough to stop these pests from becoming prominent in your day-to-day life. For that reason, you should not think you are ‘dirty’ or ‘unclean’ because you have bed bugs – you are just suffering from a problem that so many Americans do!
Do Bed Bugs Have Relative Species?
As mentioned, the bed bug is part of the Cimicidae family of bugs. This includes other common pests worldwide, including creatures as varied as the bat and poultry bugs. Around 100 different species are part of this ‘family’ of bugs. Unfortunately, more or less every member of this species, if encountered, can make your life miserable!
The bed bug is part of a group of bugs generally fed exclusively by feeding on the blood of other warm-blooded species. The most common relative to the bed bug, then, is the bat bug. Bat bugs were once the dominant species of this particular group before the rise of the traditional bed bug saw their numbers dwindle in comparison.
Bat Bug
Bat bugs, as the name suggests, used to appear within large groups of bats. These were often found in houses due to bats infesting the walls of buildings or in our attics. Bat bugs would survive after the bats migrated and then turn their ire on the humans living within the property. Over time, though, the bat bug would die out as without bats, they cannot thrive to the same level.
Swallow Bug
Another common relative to the bed bug is the swallow bug. Swallow bugs are parasites that have commonly annoyed cliff and barn swallows. When these swallows would build a nest on human property, the swallow bug would stick around and feed on humans. This is/was most common in the winter and the spring, after swallows have fled their nests.
Poultry Bug
The poultry bug is also a member of the same family. As the name suggests, poultry bugs are often found in chicken and other forms of poultry. They hide during the day and then come out at night, feeding on the poultry. It is extremely common for poultry bugs to get in and annoy humans, though it has been known to happen occasionally. You will never encounter a poultry bug unless you sleep beside a poultry roost.
Pirate Bug
However, the pirate bug is one of the closest relatives to the bed bug. The pirate eats mites and other small creatures and insects. They are usually slightly larger than your typical bed bug and are more commonly found in fields and crops than in our house. They tend to feed on plants and pollen as opposed to people. Some people buy pirate bugs as they can be used to help deal with infestations of other creatures, including ants. A small pirate bug, though, can easily be mistaken for a bed bug.
Where Are Bed Bugs Found?
Sadly, the bed bug is an extremely common species. They can be found almost everywhere in the world in one place or another. A bed bug will be found in varying locations most of the time. For example, they are hardy enough to survive temperatures ranging from 32 degrees Fahrenheit to 120 degrees Fahrenheit. Anything hotter than this, or colder than this, will likely lead to their demise. More on that later!
Most bed bugs are found indoors and around human possessions, such as clothing, beds, and upholstery. These areas provide the weather and temperature insulation they need to survive and also offer them a perpetual place to feed on humans.
Like any infestation you have to deal with, you want to find the infestation as soon as possible. The sooner you can spot bed bug infestations, the easier they are to deal with. You should often look at locations around your home that make sense for a bed bug. Unfortunately, bed bugs stay close to ‘home’ – your bed and are usually found near piping sections and tags on your mattress. Any cracks within your bedding, too, could be a clear way for your bed bug infestation to get in and out of the bed without being seen.
However, in heavier infestations of bed bugs, you might find them in other parts of your home. For example, it is common to find bed bugs littering places like the seams of our chairs and upholstery. You might even find bed bugs lingering within the folds of a curtain; they are rarely fussy about where to live!
A messy room that provides access to the bed is always a common place for heavy bed bug presence. They can regularly reside in areas as diverse as inside electrical appliances and the junctions where your wall and ceiling combine. They are also good at hiding in wall hangings and loose wallpaper sections; as such, you should not rule anywhere out in your home as a potential home for the bed bug. They do get everywhere!
Can Bed Bugs Damage Your Home?
To many, the bed bug is as big a problem as a termite or a rodent like a rat or squirrel. However, while many of these creatures can cause structural damage to your home, you should have no such worries about dealing with bed bugs!
The bug bed is not out looking to eat structural objects like wood, so they will not damage your property over time. A termite might eat away at wood, causing structural damage, while other rodents might chew through electrical wiring. The bed bug, though, will not be chewing through your property. So, you do not have to worry about them eating your furniture and wood like a termite, nor do you have to worry about them eating your bedsheets and clothing like moths!
Sadly, though, the bed bug has one target and one target only: you and your blood. The only thing that a bed bug is interested in is ensuring it gets enough blood from you to survive. On average, the bed bug will feast on your blood every three to seven days. While you do not have to worry about them eating through the foundations of your house, they still cause problems at home by feeding on you.
Where Are Bed Bugs Found?
So, most people assume that bed bugs are going to be caused due to a lack of hygiene. Just like lice, we often associate their presence with the idea that the person – or property, in this case – needs to be cleaned out. However, bed bugs can appear even in places where we are extremely clean and careful. Bed bugs are infamous for getting around and building lives anywhere they are brought.
Part of the problem with bed bugs is that they are so durable that they can survive in just about any indoor environment. As such, we assume it is down to uncleanliness when they appear in big numbers. This, though, is not the case. Bed bugs can formulate anywhere that they are brought to – naturally, that means that it is quite possible that you can have bed bugs without having any cleanliness issues.
One of the most prominent causes of bed bugs is your adjacent property. If you live in an apartment block, then bed bug can easily make their way from the apartment below or beside you. The same goes for tenement housing and properties attached. Bed bugs are masters of manipulation and can easily fit through even the smallest cracks and crevices. As such, they should have no problem getting into your home if they choose. With that in mind, it is important to appreciate and respect that the causes of bed bugs are their presence in the local area.
As noted by the Environmental Service, Another common case of bed bug appearances can come from buying new furniture and upholstery. Though primarily thriving on beds and mattresses, the bed bug can easily attach itself to couches, settees, and other home furniture you bring into the building. They could even attach to your luggage and personal carrier items like school bags, handbags, etc.
So, the causes of bed bug infestations are often simply down to bad luck. Unlike other infestation species, there is no correlation between having bed bugs and your home having to be cleaned.











